Relevance. Focal periodontal lesions are a leading cause of dental disease. According to the WHO, various forms of periodontal disease occur in 60–90% of the adult population, with progressive disease often leading to tooth loss and dental dysfunction. Traditional conservative treatments do not always provide stable remission in focal lesions with a periodontal pocket depth greater than 5 mm and the presence of bone defects. Therefore, the use of tooth-preserving surgical interventions is particularly clinically important.
The aim of the study was to improve the effectiveness of treatment of focal periodontal lesions by developing and implementing optimized protocols for tooth-preserving surgical interventions.
Material and methods. Patients with moderate to severe focal periodontitis were examined. Clinical ( periodontal indices, probing depth, attachment level), radiographic (CBCT), and microbiological examinations were used. Guided tissue regeneration (GTR), flap surgeries using osteoplastic materials, and coronally advanced flaps for gingival recession were used in the surgical treatment .
Results. The use of tooth-preserving procedures in combination with osteoplastic materials resulted in a significant reduction in periodontal pocket depth, an increase in clinical attachment, and restoration of bone tissue in the defect area. The developed protocol allowed for the preservation of teeth previously subject to extraction for clinical reasons and the achievement of stable remission during long-term follow-up.
Conclusions. An optimized surgical protocol for the treatment of focal periodontal lesions using tooth-preserving procedures improves treatment efficacy, promotes periodontal tissue regeneration, and allows for tooth preservation if intervention is timely. Implementation of this approach in clinical practice improves patients' quality of life and reduces the frequency of tooth extractions for periodontal indications.
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